Hydraulic jack



s. E. ANDERSON April 14, 1936.

` HYDRAULIC JACK Filed June 19, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet l 71p. A NRS/V INVENTOR.

GfRf E,

ToRNEY April 14, 1936. s, E. ANDERSON 2,037,298

HYDRAULIC JACK Filed June 19, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

f ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 14, 1936 UNITED STATES 'PATENT ori-ICE signed nAndersoaLossnnkacnu.

13 slss-:Life .21,382

My 'invention lrelates to improvements in`vei hicular Jacks'and particularly to a jack for use in connection with raising the wheels of automobiles.

which illustrate whatis at'present deemed to be I a preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. l is a plan view of one of the individual lifting Jacks including'a fragment of the vehicle An important object of the invention is to proframe to which it is attached.. a 5 vide a lifting jack, swingably attached to the Fig. 2 is a right hand projected elevation of chassis or axle of a vehicle, which -is adapted to the structure shwn in Fig. 1, the extensible por-- swine from a horizontal rest position man option 0f the lack beine shownin its Operative p0- erative pendantposition. e sition.

An important 'object of the invention is 'to Fig. 3 isa side elevation of the structure shown 1o provide a ja'ck as set forth in the preceding obin Fig. 1. the lack being 11i the operative 0r down .lect having means to releasably. maintain the position in both of these viewsand the.dotted jack in eitherits horizontal or pendant positions. line of Fig. 3 indicating the vnormal or inopera- An important object of the invention is to pro-y tive position thereof. i z vide a jack' as set forth in the preceding para- Fig.. 4 is 'a section of one-of the valve struc-d5 graphs having remotely operable means to mantures 'on line I- 4 of Fig. 1. i willy swing the jack to a pendant operative po- Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the valve struc'- sition and automatic means to restore the jack Wllre 011- line 5--5 0f Fig- 4.' l toits normal horizontal position. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of -the structure shown An'important object'of the invention is to proin Fig- 5. 20

vide a hydraulic jack, extensibly operated by nuid Fig. 7 is a cross section of the extensible jack pressure and mounted on an axle of an automoonline 1'-1 of Fig. 8. bile to` swing from av laterally extending position Fig.4 8 is avertical section on line 8 -8 of Fig. 7. to a pendant position, in combination with means f Fig. 9 is a vertical section thru the cowl on in-` whereby the operation of swinging the'jack down l strument board showing the remote manually 0p- V25 tof a pendant position causes valve mechanism erable means to control the position of the indi# to be automatically actuated to supply an opvidua'l jacks and operateV their valve mechaerating uid underl pressure to extend the jack. nismsr A'further object of the invention is to provide i Fig. 10 is an enlarged perspective of 'one of a jack wherein, the operation'of swinging the the manuallypperable CODIOIS ShOWD in F13 9- 30 Jack-from an inoperative position to an operative. Figs. 11, 12 and 13 are each elevations looking .position simultaneously operates "a valve inecha-- toward either'the front or rear of the vehicle. nism cutting off communication of themaster. These ,views respectively show the lifting jack -brake cylinder with thein'dividual brake cylinin the elevated, horizontally yextending position; ders, thereby placing it in communication with the partly extendedoperative position; and the 35 the jacks iluid chamber; andthen restoring the fully extended operative condition wherein it jack to its inoperative position restores the valve supports 'a disabled wheel in-an elevated position.v mechanism to its original position. Referring in detail to the drawings', .the -illus- It is a further object of the inventionv to protrated embodiment of-,the invention comprises 40 vide a liftingjack as a permanent 'fixture of an' 'three main units, viz., the jack p roper or exten- 4o automobile or other vehicle, positioned adJacent sible and swingable' lassembly l0, the' mounting l the brake cylinder of. each operating .wheel member I|,-which is'il'xed to the vehicle axle I2, thereof which can be operated from the drivers the valve casings I 3 and I4 together with the t and used in conjunction with the valve'mechanisms within the and the manually 4D brakel pedal and employing the same reservoir 4operable remote'control ass bly IS-detailed in45 and-pipe linesas for'the brakes thereby elimi Fig. 9. An extensible assembly I0 isprovided for `nating extra levers and othen auxiliary me'chaeach vehicle wheel.

' The ane-Iris shown H-shapedmcross sec- It is a'still further object of the inventionlto tion andthe mounting member 4Il secured to it providea bodily disappearing jack whose position in a horizontally .extending relation thereto by 50 Aon 'the axle while in the; inoperative positionwill 4means of the bolts I I and clampingplate I1, Asaid maintain standard clearance Ybetween it and the bolts extending from a downwardly directed plate I v It' of said mounting member. Said mounting With suchobject sin view, and others which. j member Il is also furnished with a bracket hav- 'will appear as the-description' proceeds, the in` ing-a downwardly directed bearing extension 2n 5 5 vention comprises various novel features of conwhih cooperates with a,l ug ila. of said bracket-` 1- i struction and arrangement of partswhich will be to support a rocking shaft or pivot 2|. w i set forth with particularity in the following de- The extensible assembly Il is swin8in8 ly Supscriptlon vand the subject 'matter claimed. portedfrom said shaft 2| by means of ear 2 2 car- Referring to the drawings. the shank so thecylindricai casini II, and

2' v portion 22a of sector 43, also an extension of said casing. A spring 23 coiled about pivot shaft 2|, when not restrained, swings the casing 23l Loi'I the extensible assembly up to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3, simultaneously engaging an annulus 21 secured within the. lower end of casing 23 and the upper end thereof engazing the piston head 28 formed upon the upper end of piston 25.v

Within cylindrical piston 25 is mounted a plunger or internal piston 33 provided at its upper end with" a head 3I which ts with a working ilt within the cylindrical piston 25. The lower end of piston 33works within an annulus 32 secured within piston 25. By this construction an annular space is aiorded for a spring 33 which operates between said annulus and the head 3l of the piston 33, the latter piston carrying at its lower end a base plate 34 secured thereto by a screw 35. Springs 25 and 33 normally holdthe pistons 25 and 30 telescoped'within casing 23.

A- cap 35 screws into the upper end of the piston casing 23 thus completing a chamber 31 .to which a fluid to operate the pistons is supplied under pressure thru the inlet port 31x with which conduit 11a: communicates.

The sector I3 has a grooved Aperiphery to re ceive a flexible operating connection Il whereby said sector may be operated to swing the jack assembly I3 down to the pendant position against coincidentalu with the performance of tneaforesaid swinging. movement of assembly I3 the valve mechanism shown in section in the upper portion of Fig. 3 is operated. 'I'he cylindrical casing I I of said mechanism contains a slidable check valve having a head 42 furnished with an axial guiding and supporting rod I3. Said casing has an interior Support provided with a passage within which said rod slides, there being ducts 45 at each side of this support communicatingwith the valve chamber 35. v"A valve seat l1 is provided against which, when the. valve isV closed, the head I2 is held by a compression spring 43. An aperturedl plug I3 screws into the left end of casing I4. 1 I

The right hand portion of chamber Il has with-v in it a cylindrical chamber 53 closed at its `right end by a screw plug 5I, and valve operating rod 52, said rod having a working, fluid-tight iit thru an inner plug 53 within said plug 5I. Plug 5I is internally threaded to cooperate lwith plug 53 to form a stuiling box. Rod 52hasa disc 53 xed Ato its inner end against which a coil spring 53 of greater tensile strength than the spring I3, when unopposed, acts to umeat the valve disc 32.

The outer end of rod-52 is furnished with an-opvmally holds said spring in a spaced relation to the part of the sector towhlch it is attached as indicated by the dotted lines. `The operating conrelation to the free end thereof. Said connection hasaxiallysecuredtheretoasmallcylindrical body 53 which has a workingflt within a guiding sleeve 53 that extends from a bracket 53 mounted upon the member I I. Said sleeve 53 extends tangentially with relation to the sector 43.

Below the sleeve 53 there is molmted upon the bracket 53 a detent 5I pivotally supported at 52 and having an angular-ly extending yoperating arm 53. Said arm 53 has an upwardly directed swell or cam 5I which extends into sleeve 59 into the path of the tripping body 53. The detent 3| is normally held vertical by a compression spring 55. The casing 23 of the jack carries a latch arm 55 which normallycooperates with the detent 5I to loch` the jack in its horizontal position.

Thedeviceisconstructedinsuchamanner that the j ack can beextended by oil supplied thereto under pressure from the same source as that which supplies oil pressure for operating the'brakes of a four-brake car. In Figs. 4 and 5 isshown in sectional detail the preferred construction of a three-way valve for the purpose just stated. -The casing or block I3 is furnished with a tapered bore within which a tapered 3 way valveplug 51 has a working fit. Said valve plug 51 has a recess in its large end which contains a compression spring 53. A face plate 53 overlies this recess and affords an abutment for said spring to enable it to keep the valve plug snugly seated. Said plug 51 has a short polygonal operating stem 1I which fits into a correspondingly shaped Vsocket 12,`(Figs. 1 and 2) providedA therefor in the end of shaft 2|. The valve plug 51 has a diametrical passage 13 and a radial passage 14. With these passages cooperate the. block or casing passages 15, 15 and 11, the latterpasage leading to the'valve casing Ilvia thepipe 11a. Thehose 13isconnected bythetting15:ctothechamber33invalvecasingII(Hg. 3)'.V The valvecasing I3 may be secured to the support II by screw bolts 13. The pesage 15 thereof leads, thru pipe 33, to an individualA brake cylinder, the passage 15, thru pipe.3|, to the master brake cylinder, and the passage 11, through Pipe 11a, to the chamber 53 of the valve casing I4.

In order to releasably lock the swlngable jack casing 23 in its vertical, operative position a spring pressed detent 35 is mounted upon` a pivot 35 carried by the supporting means. With said detent cooperates a latching lug 31 carried `by the casing 23. Said detent is releasable by reason of the beveled lower end thereof being in anoperative relation to a vertically sliding rod 35 having at its upper end a bevel 33 which, after the extensible jack begins to contract, disemmscs the detent 35 from the lug 31 and thereby allows the jack to swing up toits inoperative position. Said rod 33 has a limited sliding movement withinaperturedlugs 33 and 3l oncasing 23. Astop shoulder 33.1: on said rod engages lug 3l.

AInll'lg. Qisshown, adjacentto-thesteering wheel 33, an instrument board 35 upon which is moxmted means for manually exerting traction upon the connection 4l already'referred to, and

also for operating three other connections 35 for the three other jacks with which the vehicle istobesupplied. TosaidinstrumentboardisA -mounting plate |33 and Vwith Ya longitudinal in' ternally-grooved rib III, thus affording a pas- "Mams i J sage for a locking lug |02 in order that-by slightly rotating 'whichever rod has been extended, said lug may be positioned to preventjits retraction till desired. A stop screw |03 may be used on each rod to limit its extension.y

VIn Fig. 12 the vehicle wheel |04 is shown having a dated tire |05, the jack being shown-vin its pendant position preparatory tobeing extended. YIn Fig. 13, after extension of the jack, the wheel is seen .to be sumciently elevated to cause y said tire to clear the surface of the roadway.

Referring to certain details of construction, the head 28 of the cylindrical piston 25 has an external, peripheral groove ||0 ofja broad character wherein is placed an expansible gasket I.

Along'its lower edge this gasket has an inwardly directed rib or ange 2. has an inclined bottom, thus making it increase.

The groo've I |0 in depth toward the outerend of the piston, its depth at the latter location being lfurther increased by aninternal groove as shown. The

gasket is sufliciently elastic to enable it to be put into place. i

'Ihe inclined duct ||3 in the piston head leads to the bottom of groove ||0 to supply fluid pressure from the-piston .chamber v 31 to the inner surface of the gasket to hold it snugly in contact,with the external. piston cylinder during operation. 'I'he head 3| of the internal piston is likewise furnished with an inclined duct |4 and with a groove ||5 to receive an elastic gasket H6. These features are patterned after the packing construction already described. y

Below theannulus 21A (see lower part of Fig. 8)

a wiper gasket |20 is secured in place by screws I2 the same screws serving as a fastening means for saidl annulus. Alike wiper gasket 21.',A se.

cured by screws |23 is provided for the inner piston 30. Ihese wiper gaskets remove from the pistons, during their retraction, any dust or dirt which may have accumulated on themduring the operation of the jack.- i

In operation, in order to swing the jack casing 23 provided for a Vgiven wheel down to its oper-- ative position from its elevated inoperative position wherein it is normally retained by the catch 6| (see Fig. 3), the operator will apply traction to the proper rod 98 (see Fig. 9). 'I'he ilexible connection 4| of Figs..3 and 9V is shown having thus been extended. The rst effect of traction applied thereto will be to cause the vtripping body 58 attached to connection 4|, to engage the swell 64 on detent arm 6 3, it being understood that when the jack is up the trip 58 will be a y little'to the left of said swell as viewed in Fig. 3.

As the connection 4| is pulled farther the vjack casing 23 is swung down to-its operative posif tion, against the opposition of its elevating 'spring 24. At this time the foot 34 is not extended, therefore the catch 85' does not as yet take hold." After the rod. 98 to which the connection 4| ssecured has been completely extended it is turned and the lug |02 prevents its premature retraction. As said rod approaches its c .omplete. extension,- the free end portion o'f spring 51 is moved to act upon the hea'd 56 of rod 52 thus sliding said rod outwardly a short distance and permitting valve 42 to be closed bythe action of its spring- 48 except when liquid under pres-A sure from the foot pump isbeing forced thru it.

At this time the three-way valve i1, Aconnected with the turnable pivot shaft 2|, will have been opened-thus closing `the fluid lines to the'individual brake cylinders and placing the pressureo chamber 31 of thefjack into communication with master brake cylinder. Then, by using-the brake.4 pedal as a pumping means, oil ls forced lfrom the master brake cylinder into said pressure 'chamber this extrudlng the two cooperating duct 45, valve chamber 40, tting 18s.', hose 18,

fitting 112:, andthe port' 31a: which communicates with the pressure chamber 31. The function of the detentoperating rod 08 is to release the detent when, u nder the action of the retraction springs 2G and 33, the extensible l foot 34 has nearly reached its completely retracted position. l 20 It Ashould be understood that the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustration only and that this invention includes all modifications and. equivalents which fall within the scope of the subject matter claimed.

What is claimed is: 1; In combination, a vehicle axle, a support mounted on said axle,'valve structures mounted von said support, a lifting jack operable by fluid pressure, said jack being pivotally attached to 30 sector and tends to' spring out-into a spaced rela- 4o tion to said sector, there being an operating connection between the free encl portion of said spring and one of said valve structures, and also an operating connection between the pivot of said jackand the other of said valve structures, a'45 spring tending to maintain said l:lack in itselevated position, and a manually operable connec-' tion or cord traveling upon the arc of said sector and secured to the end portion of said leaf spring to swing lsaid jack down to an operative positionY 5 0 against the opposition `of its spring and simultaneously cause one of said valve structures to n be operated to supply operating fluid under pressure thru the medium of the other valve structure to the jack. l

2. In'combination, a vehicleyaxle,v a support' mounted on said axle, a lifting jack operable by fluid pressure, saidjack being pivotally attached to said support to swing from an elevated inoperative position down to a position for elevating co f the vehicle axle, the pivot of said jack turning therewith, a spring tending to maintain said jack lin its elevated position, a manually operable connectionior cord to swing said jack down to an operative position against the opposition ofs aid a5 spring, and two valve mechanisms lto control the supply of operating uid to said jack, therebeing -a movable part to which said cord is attached rwhereby traction upon said cord actuates one of4 said valve mechanisms, there also being an pera- 70 tive connection betweenthe other of said valve mechanisms and the aforementioned pivot. f

3.I .In combination', a vehicleframe, a fluid Dres` l sure operable lifting ljack mounted on said "frame to swing from an inoperative to an operative posi.- 75" tion, two valves to control the supplyof operating fluid to said jack, one of said valves being a check valve normally in anlnoperative condition, andmeans whereby the swinging of said jack to its v operative position places'said check valve in an 'i conduct fluid pressure to said jack to changeit from a retracted to an extended condition, meansto retract said jack, and means to release said eaten actuated by said 4mi: during the unal steigel of its retraction.

5. In combination, a vehicle axle, a lifting jack, means to swingably' attach said jack to said axle to swing from a pendant to a substantially horizontal position, catch means to releasably maintain saidl jack in its pendant position, means to conduct uid pressure to said `lack to change it from. a retracted to an extended condition, means to automatically retract said jack, and a tripping rod to release said catch, said rod being actuated by said jack during the ilnal stage of its retraction.

6, In combination, a vehicleaxle, a support fixed to said axle, a jack extendable by fluid pressure and mounted on said support to swing from a laterally extending to a pendant position, a spring tending to maintain said jack in its laterally extending position, catch means to releasably maintain said jack in its pendant position against the opposition of said spring, means to retract said jack, and a slidable tripping rod positioned to engage said catch in'an lendwise manner to enact its release, said md being engageable by a retractable portion of thejack to cause it to release said catch as aforesaid.

'1. In combination, a. vehicle frame, an ex." tensible fluid pressure operable lifting jack` mounted on said frame to swing from an inoperative to an operative position andvlce versa, means tending to retract said jack after extension and thus expel the operating uid therefrom, a detent to releasably maintain ,said jack in its lnoperative position, there being a passage to` supply operating fluid to said jack and permit its therefrom;v said passage ,being provided ,lluidtobeexp'elledfromthejackwhenthetrac-- ,with a check valvehaving a spring to clo it andvalve operating means when unopposed to open' it, said valve being normally adapted also to operate in conjunction with a supply pump, a manually operable cord to swing said jack from its inoperative to its operative position,'a cordattaching spring connecting said cord with saidjack, said cord attaching spring being operatively relatedto said valve operating means to keep the latter from functioning when the cord is fully retracted, meanstending to open said check valve in opposition to its spring to allow the operating tion on vsaid cord is relaxed, said cord-attaching .spring permitting traction upon said cord to impart a slight initial movement to the cord independently of the jack, andmeans whereby said linitial independent movement of the cord re-` leasessaiddetent.

8. The subject matter of claim 'l and; said cord-attaching spring being a leaf spring having one end portionin a fixed relation to said Jack,

ing to hold said valve open, said valve opening means being furnished with a spring of suillcientv lc strength to overcome the oppomtion of said valve spring, and manually operable` means to maintain said valve opening .means in an inoperative condition while liquid under pressure is being supplied to and contained within the jack.

10. In an extensible lifting jack operable by liquid pressure, liquid supply means for said jack comprising a passage furnished with a check valve, a valve spring tending to close said valve to prevent premature escape of the extending 2O liquid from the jack, valve opening means tendlng to hold said valve open, said valve opening means being furnished with a spring of suillclent strength to overcome the opposition of said valve spring, means whereby said jack is mounted on a vehicle frame to swing from an upper inoperative position to a lower operative position, and a s unitary means which is manually' operable both to ,swing said jack to its operative position and to maintain said valve-opening means in an lnoperatlve condition during the Atime that it is necessary for said check valve to function.

11. In combination, avehicle frame, a mounting means secured to said frame, a lifting jack swiveled to said mounting meansto swingfrom an elevated inoperative position to a downwardly `projecting operative position, a detent supported by said mounting means to `releasably maintain said jack in its-elevated position, a. cordV attached to said jack to swing it down to its operative position when tractionJs applied t said cord, guiding means adjacent to said detent being provided for said cord and there being a yielding connection between said cord and jack thus permitting -a slight initial movement of the cord before the downward swing of the jack begins, and a'body secured to said cord to travel along said guiding means and release said detent during the aforementioned initial movement of the cord.

e 12. Thesuhject matter ofclaim Il and, said detent being furnished witha cam-dement engageable by said body to elect the release of the detent. I

, 13. In combination, a vehicle frame, a lifting Jack mountedon said frame to swing from an inoperative upper position to alower operative position, said Jack being extensible by fluid pressure when it is in its operative position, there being a check valve to admit uid to extend the jack and retain it therein during use, a spring to swing said jack up to its inoperative position after use, manually operable means to swing said jack down to its operative position against the opposition of said spring and then temporarily lock it in said position, spring means tending to retract said jack after extension thus expelling the extending fluid therefrom, andwautomatic means put into action by the unlocking of said manually operative means to unseat 'said check valveand maintain it operi while the jack is being retracted.`

. eravamo aanpassen. 

